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| | =<div style="margin-top: 10px;font-family: Century Gothic;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:20px; border: 5px solid #00000000; border-radius:8px;text-align:center; background-color: #000080; color: white; padding: 2px"><span style="font-size:24px;"></span>Breakdown of landuse changes by landuse types</div>= | | =<div style="margin-top: 10px;font-family: Century Gothic;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:20px; border: 5px solid #00000000; border-radius:8px;text-align:center; background-color: #000080; color: white; padding: 2px"><span style="font-size:24px;"></span>Breakdown of landuse changes by landuse types</div>= |
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| − | == Criteria to evaluate landuse changes in Punggol between 2008 and 2014 ==
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| − | For the changes in the individual features of the land use data, the following criteria was used:
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| − | * Visual Changes:
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| − | Initially, individual land use features for each of the Master Plan land use data was selected to detect the changes. If significant changes were observed for the individual land use feature, multiple features that were considered to have affected one another were selected to identify the exact changes by comparisons.
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| − | * Comparison of the aggregated SHAPE_Area:
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| − | GroupStats plugin in QGIS was used to sum the SHAPE_Area for each land use feature.
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| − | == Major changes in landuse types ==
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| − | === Educational Institution ===
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| − | [photo 1][photo 2]
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| − | It is visually evident that there is an increase in the land use for educational institutions from 2008 to 2014, especially in the north area (Northshore Subzone) of Punggol. This supports the government’s vision for Punggol to be a vibrant learning hub.
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| − | The total area of the land use for educational institution increased from 595384.1260385771 in 2008 to 892610.5332139808 in 2014
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| − | === Residential ===
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| − | There is a decrease in the land use for residential area from 2008 to 2014, evident from the void bias towards the north region as illustrated above. The number of features has also decreased. We identified that the land used for residential area in 2008 changed its uses to White, Reserve Site, Educational Institution, Civic & Community Institution, and Business Park in 2014 (refer to the images below). Most of the changes were in the Northshore Subzone of Punggol.
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| − | The total area of the land use for residential feature decreased from 4316029.40985073 in 2008 to 3850157.964701636 in 2014
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| − | === Business Park ===
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| − | An originally reserved site (refer to the image 1 below) in 2008, in the Master Plan for 2014 the land is allocated for Business Park. We were able to identify that Business Park is a new addition to the different types of land use in the Master Plan, as it was not present in the Master Plan 2008. The Business Park is a change within the Punggol Canal Subzone in 2014.
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| − | The total area of the Business park feature is 89630.081908.
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| − | == Other minute changes in landuse types ==
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| − | === White ===
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| − | White is another added type of land use feature in the Master Plan 2014. Areas that are zoned as White are used or intended to be used for commercial, hotel, residential, sports & recreational and other compatible uses, or a combination of two or more of such uses in a mixed-use development (Singapore Office Spaces, n.d.). In the Master Plan 2008, the location set off as White was used as a residential area. This change is within Northshore and Punggol Canal Subzone in 2014 (refer to the image below)
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| − | The total area of the White feature is 116764.37367220002.
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| − | === Open Space ===
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| − | Visually, land use set aside for open space in general decreased. Especially, the open space in SZ1 and SZ6 in 2008 is non-existent in relative subzones (Northshore, Punggol Canal and Coney Island) in 2014.
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| − | The total area of open spaces in Punggol has significantly decreased from 166190.701057226 in 2008 to 44971.12513781.
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| − | Park
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| − | There is hardly any visible changes in the amount of land used for areas zoned as Park. However, there seems to be a slight increase in the land use for Park in some subzones such as Northshore, Matilda and Punggol Canal in 2014 compared to 2008.
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| − | The total area of the land use for park increased from 1041441.0652554707 in 2008 to 1081541.5720519507 in 2014
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| − | === Commercial & Residential ===
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| − | More significant changes in Commercial & Residential land use feature in SZ5 and SZ6 for the Master Plan 2008 was made for the Master Plan 2014.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Commercial & Residential feature decreased from 103050.2088431 in 2008 to 87769.3564953 in 2014
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| − | === Utility ===
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| − | There are no significant visual changes to land use for the Utility zone.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Utility feature increased from 15780.174823329999 in 2008 to 17246.412951129998 in 2014.
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| − | === Waterbody ===
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| − | Visually, the waterway for SZ1subzone in 2008 is non-existent in Northshore subzone in 2014.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Waterbody feature increased from 1204274.0335795651 in 2008 to 1259217.2548208307 in 2014.
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| − | === Transport Facilities ===
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| − | Visually, there seems to have been some reallocation of transport facilities. Changes are more evident in SZ4, SZ5 and SZ6 of the Master Plan 2008, which are Punggol Field, Waterway East, Punggol Canal in the Master Plan 2014.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Transport Facilities feature decreased from 12456.0111683 in 2008 to 12279.89502259 in 2014.
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| − | === Sports & Recreation ===
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| − | Sports and Recreation feature in SZ5 for the Master Plan 2008 has been removed for the Master Plan 2014 in the Waterway East subzone.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Sports and Recreation feature decreased from 196748.3170038 in 2008 to 182119.4222503 in 2014.
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| − | === Road ===
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| − | More roads were built in Northshore and Punggol Canal subzones with subtle changes in the roads in Punggol Field subzone for the Master Plan 2014.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Road feature increased from 1931400.929828906 in 2008 to 2213438.404005205 in 2014.
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| − | === Reserve Site ===
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| − | There has been significant visual changes in the land use for reserve sites feature across all of the subzones.
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| − | The total area of reserved sites were reduced significantly from 347655.6356511701 in 2008 to 215189.67680114997 in 2014. One of the major reasons is due to it being used for other purposes, such as the creation of a new business park which aims to transform Punggol into Singapore’s Silicon Valley.
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| − | === Place of Worship ===
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| − | There has been subtle changes to the land use for the place of worship feature.
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| − | The total area of the land use for place of worship feature increased from 49271.18031802991 in 2008 to 52369.713178812195 in 2014.
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| − | === Mass Rapid Transit ===
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| − | There is no visible change in the land use for Mass Rapid Transit feature.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Mass Rapid Transit feature has no change from 14371.952144359999 in 2008 to 14371.95261642 in 2014.
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| − | === Light Rapid Transit ===
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| − | There is no significant visible change in the location of the land use for Light Rapid Transit feature, other than it seems to have increased in area.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Light Rapid Transit feature has increased from 396.360226615 in 2008 to 2551.63565435 in 2014.
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| − | === Health & Medical Care ===
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| − | There is no significant visible change in the location of the land use for Health & Medical Care feature, other than the land use being removed from Northshore in the Master Plan 2014 (which is SZ1 in the Master Plan 2008).
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| − | The total area of the land use for Health & Medical Care feature has decreased from 14446.851773833001 in 2008 to 13189.122911935898 in 2014.
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| − | === Commercial ===
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| − | There has been an increase in the land use for Commercial feature, especially in Matilda, Punggol Field and Waterway East subzone in 2014.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Commercial feature has increased from 28492.028314429997 in 2008 to 51304.803250083 in 2014.
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| − | === Civic & Community Institution ===
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| − | There has been an increase in the land use for Civic & Community Institution feature, especially in Punggol Town Centre subzone in 2014.
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| − | The total area of the land use for Civic & Community Institution feature has increased from 38289.01740129999 in 2008 to 58772.94412552 in 2014.
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| − | = Part 2 : Future Planning =
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| − | =<div style="margin-top: 10px;font-family: Century Gothic;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:20px; border: 5px solid #00000000; border-radius:8px;text-align:center; background-color: #000080; color: white; padding: 2px"><span style="font-size:24px;"></span>XYZ</div>=
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| − | =<div style="margin-top: 10px;font-family: Century Gothic;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:20px; border: 5px solid #00000000; border-radius:8px;text-align:center; background-color: #000080; color: white; padding: 2px"><span style="font-size:24px;"></span>XYZ</div>=
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| − | =Part 3 : Site Selection =
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| − | =<div style="margin-top: 10px;font-family: Century Gothic;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:20px; border: 5px solid #00000000; border-radius:8px;text-align:center; background-color: #000080; color: white; padding: 2px"><span style="font-size:24px;"></span>XYZ</div>=
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| − | =<div style="margin-top: 10px;font-family: Century Gothic;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:20px; border: 5px solid #00000000; border-radius:8px;text-align:center; background-color: #000080; color: white; padding: 2px"><span style="font-size:24px;"></span>XYZ</div>=
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