IS428 2016-17 Term1 Assign2 Tan Yong Kiong Alson

Data Visualisation

Below is the URL link of the data visualisation dashboard:
https://app.powerbi.com/groups/me/dashboards/c11ac56e-df7e-4538-8cd5-2a74f68c6b76

Abstract

Under the Ministry of Manpower, Singapore, the Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) Act is an essential part of a framework to cultivate good safety habits in all individuals, so as to create a strong safety culture in workplaces. The WSH statistics, which are reported and published every mid-year and full-year, provides the latest findings on the workplace safety and health performance in Singapore. The data used were collated from incident reports made employers, occupiers and medical practitioners in the fulfillment of their obligations under Singapore's Workplace Safety and Health Act and Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations.

Problem and Motivation

In a commemorative book published by the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Division last year, Prime Minister Mr Lee Hsien Loong mentioned that even one workplace injury is one too many, and economic progress should not come at a cost of compromising the worker's safety and health. This comment is echoed by Minister for Manpower, Mr Lim Swee Say, who announced a call to action by implementing Vision Zero, to create safer and healthier workplaces for all workers in Singapore.

Building on the government's objectives to create a hazard-free Singapore, this report serves to explore the fundamental reasons behind the 5,651 workplace injury cases that happened in 2014. The dataset is rich in terms of the demographic aspects, which answers where and at how old did the workers sustain the injuries, and the psychological aspects, such as at what possible mental condition did they sustain the injuries. These results help the Singapore government to implement workplace policies which will help reduce the occurance of occupational injuries in the future.

Below are the initial questions that this report will be exploring:

1. Are certain areas of Singapore more prone to workplace injuries than others?
2. Are certain industries more prone to workplace injuries than others?
3. Is there a correlation between the number of months worked and the possibility of injuries for different industries?

First, solving the question on geographical location can concentrate the workplace injury prevention and education to certain areas, which face higher risk of injuries than others. Understanding the second question will help companies from similar industries which are accident-prone share knowledge and expertise on how to better prevent workplace injuries in future. For the third question, it is imperative to know injury prevention have to be emphasized at which stage of the career for the workers.

Approaches

Data cleaning was first done on Microsoft Excel 2016 to eliminate unnecessary and dirty data. For example, the SUBSTITUTE function was used to clean up the excess description on Accident Agency Level 2 Desc, as shown in the diagram above.

Further cleaning was done on the Power BI toolkit to suit the different charts and purposes. Using the Query Editor of Power BI, binning of continuous values can be done on the dataset. This will allow better analysis of the various demographics and psychographic aspects. An example is shown as above.

Tools Used

The following tools are used to create the data visualization:

1. Microsoft Excel 2016
2. Power BI Desktop

Results

Firstly, the sunburst diagram above gives us a lot of information of the demographics in terms of gender and age, as well as the occupation of the workers who suffered workplace injuries. For example, we know that about a quarter of all injuries are caused by male workers aged between 21-42, who worked for less than 2 years. They were also carrying out official duties, not doing overtime, working morning shift, and have a job scope which involved manual labour for more than 50%.

Secondly, through the treemap diagram, we can understand that although the Central Region is the region where most accidents take place, the Jurong area is most prone to workplace incidents. Hence, authorities should step up on promoting injury prevention to the workers there to avoid more mishaps from happening.

Thirdly, the scatter plot shows a big picture of the major and sub industry that contributes to workplace injuries. As we can see, the construction industry takes up the largest pie of incidents in Singapore, while the average number of years that they worked before encountering an accident is about 2.1 years. On the other hand, employees from the public administration and defence waited about 10 years on average before facing an injury, according to the data.

Next, the parallel coordinates chart shows a general correlation between the average number of MC days for each Accident Description, and its corresponding total number of injuries. This shows that the less serious injuries are actually more prevalent.

Also, the treemap diagram shown above aims to tell a story on which body parts are most common amongst all the injuries. This happens to be the hands and lower leg. Hence, education can be stepped up by different industries on hand and leg protection from possible injuries.

Lastly, the accident calendar can help to predict when will workers get involved and for what reasons. One of the most injury-prone days in 2014 is on 20 May, which had up to 35 cases. It would be interesting to note what happened on that particuar day.